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کامپیوتر و شبکه::
ارجاع مطلق
This is called an absolute reference as opposed to a relative reference.
All right, you've learned how to navigate and select ranges quickly, how to leverage absolute references, how to paste special values, how to use VLOOKUP and other matching formulas, how to sort and filter data, how to create PivotTables and charts, how to execute array formulas, and how and when to bust out Solver.
In cell L34, below Adams' purchases, you can take the difference of Adams' vector and the cluster center, square it, sum it, and square root the sum, using the following array formula (note the absolute references that allow you to drag this formula to the right or down without the cluster center reference changing):
Since you've used absolute references (the $ sign in the formulas; see Chapter 1 for more details) for the cluster centers, you can drag L34:L37 over through DG34:DG37 to calculate distances between each customer and all four cluster centers.
Note that you've used absolute references (the $ in the formula) in front of everything in the cluster assignment row, in front of the row number for our column headers, and in front of the column letter for our deals taken.
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